Sumeru is the polar center of a mandala-like complex of seas and mountains.
Sumeru is said to be shaped like an hourglass, with a top and base of 80,000 yojanas square, but narrowing in the middle. Sumeru is often used as a simile for both size and stability in Buddhist texts.
The concept of Sumeru is closely related to the central Mount Meru of Hindu cosmology, but it differs from the Hindu concept in several particulars. It is also believed that Mount Meru is the home of the buddha Cakrasaṃvara. In Vajrayāna, maṇḍala offerings often include Mount Meru, as they in part represent the entire universe. The mountain has four faces - each one made of a different material the northern face is made of gold, the eastern one is made of crystal, the southern one is made of lapis lazuli, and the western one is made of ruby. The Sun and the Moon revolve around Mount Meru, and as the Sun passes behind it, it becomes nighttime. Mount Meru (also Sumeru (Sanskrit) or Sineru (Pāli), is the name of the central world-mountain in Buddhist cosmology.Įtymologically, the proper name of the mountain is Meru (Pāli Meru), to which is added the approbatory prefix su-, resulting in the meaning "excellent Meru" or "wonderful Meru".Īccording to Buddhist cosmology, Mount Meru (or Sumeru) is at the centre of the world.
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